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CHAPTER 500. ACTIONS FOR THE RECOVERY OF
POSSESSION OF REAL PROPERTYRule
501. Definition.
502. Venue. Commencement of the Action.
503. Form of Complaint.
504. Setting the Date for Hearing; Delivery for Service.
505. Numbering and Filing of Complaints.
506. Service of Complaint.
507. Notation and Return of Service; Waiver of Service.
508. Claim by Defendant.
509. Amendments to Complaint.
510. [Rescinded].
511. Continuances.
512. Hearings and Evidence.
513. Disputes Concerning Title.
514. Judgment; Notice of Judgment or Dismissal and the Right to Appeal.
515. Request for Order for Possession.
516. Issuance and Reissuance of Order for Possession.
517. Notation of Time of Receipt; Service of Order for Possession.
518. Satisfaction of Order by Payment of Rent and Costs.
519. Forcible Entry and Delivery of Possession.
520. Officers Return.
521. Execution by Levy.
581. Acts of Assembly Suspended.
582. Acts of Assembly Not Suspended.Rule 501. Definition.
A. As used in this chapter, action means an action by a landlord against a tenant for the recovery of possession of real property brought before a magisterial district judge.
B. As used in this chapter, complaint shall include, where applicable, the attached and completed Recovery of Real Property Hearing Notice form.
Official Note
Distress for rent will not be covered in rules of civil procedure for magisterial district judges, for it is not an action or proceeding before a magisterial district judge and any constable carrying out the landlords warrant is acting as an agent of the landlord and not as an officer serving process of a magisterial district judge. See § 302 of the Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951, 68 P. S. § 250.302. Actions for rent (§ 301 of the Act, 68 P. S. § 250.307) are not included in this chapter, for these are actions of assumpsit. See also § 572 of the Act, added by Act of May 3, 1968, P. L. 107, No. 56, § 1, 68 P. S. § 250.512. A number of trespass actions are also detailed in the Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951 (see § § 311313, 68 P. S. § § 250.311250.313), and these would be brought under the rules pertaining to trespass actions. Consequently, this chapter will be concerned only with the action for the recovery of possession of real property. But see Rules 503C(8) and 508 as to joinder of actions and cross-complaints.
Source The provisions of this Rule 501 amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (152371).
Rule 502. Venue; Commencement of the Action.
A. The action may be brought in and only in the magisterial district where the whole or part of the real property possession of which is sought to be recovered is located.
B. The action shall be commenced by the filing of a complaint.
Official Note
Since only recovery of possession of real property and incidental matters are involved, the reason for the restriction on venue in subdivision A is obvious. Compare Pa. R.C.P. No. 1052.
Source The amendment to subdivision c(6)(c) of Rule 503 and the note to the rule deletes the former requirement of pleading, when the action is based on failure to pay rent, that there is not on the premises property subject to distress adequate to satisfy rent in arrears. See also the amendment to Rule 582(1).
Source The provisions of this Rule 504 amended October 17, 1975, effective in 90 days; amended June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691; amended February 12, 2002, effective immediately, 32 Pa.B. 1176. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (281657) to (281658).
Rule 505. Numbering and Filing of Complaints.
The numbering and filing of complaints shall be in accordance with Rule 306.
Official Note
The provisions of this Rule 506 adopted October 15, 1969, effective January 1, 1970. Amended July 8, 1975, immediately; October 17, 1975, effective in 90 days; January 29, 1976, effective in 30 days; April 25, 1979, effective in 30 days; June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; July 16, 2001, effective August 1, 2001; January 6, 2005, effective January 29, 2005. Amended June 2, 2008, effective June 9, 2008. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (309556) to (309557).
Rule 507. Notation and Return of Service; Waiver of Service.
A. The magisterial district judge shall note on the complaint form the date on which he mailed a service copy of the complaint to the defendant, and the sheriff or constable serving a copy of the complaint shall, at or before the time of the hearing, make proof of service on the form provided, which shall show the manner of service and the day, hour and place thereof.
B. The appearance of a defendant in person or by representative or the filing by him of a claim in the case shall be deemed a waiver of any defect in service but not a waiver of a defect in venue.
Official Note
This rule parallels the provisions of Rule 314A and C of the trespass and assumpsit rules.
Source The provisions of this Rule 508 amended through April 25, 1979, effective May 25, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1499; amended July 16, 2001, effective August 1, 2001, 31 Pa.B. 4055. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (272491) to (272492).
Rule 509. Amendments to Complaint.
Amendments to the complaint may be made only at the hearing in the presence of the adverse party or his representative. Amendments other than those as to form shall constitute grounds for a continuance.
Official Note
This rule is the same as Rule 316 of the civil rules.
Source The provisions of this Rule 509 is adopted October 15, 1969, effective January 1, 1970; amended June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; adopted June 9, 2008, immediately effective
Rule 510. [Rescinded].
Official Note
See Rule 213 governing subpoenas.
Source The provisions of this Rule 510 amended June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; amended December 15, 2000, effective January 1, 2001; amended December 15, 2000, effective January 1, 2001, 30 Pa.B. 6882; rescinded September 3, 2003, effective January 1, 2004, 33 Pa.B. 4663. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (281660).
Rule 511. [Rescinded].
Official Note
See Rule 209 governing continuances.
Source The provisions of this Rule 511 amended April 25, 1979, effective May 25, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1499; amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900; amended March 15, 1994, effective upon publication, 24 Pa.B. 1675; amended December 16, 2004, effective July 1, 2005, 35 Pa.B. 10. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (300298) and (281661).
Rule 512. Hearings and Evidence.
A. The plaintiff must appear at the hearing and present testimony in an action for the recovery of possession of real property.
B. The magisterial district judge shall be bound by the rules of evidence, except that a bill, estimate, receipt or statement of account which appears to have been made in the regular course of business may be introduced in evidence by any party without affidavit or other evidence of its truth, accuracy or authenticity.
Official Note
Subdivision A of this rule is intended to make clear that the magisterial district judge may not enter a default judgment in a possessory action, including a judgment for money only. The plaintiff must appear and give testimony to prove the complaint even when the defendant fails to appear for the hearing. See Rule 514A and Note. See also Section 503(a) of The Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951, 68 P. S. § 250.503(a). When the plaintiff fails to appear at the hearing, the magisterial district judge may continue the hearing for cause or dismiss the complaint without prejudice.
Subdivision B of this rule is the same as Rule 321 of the civil action rules.
Source The provisions of this Rule 512 amended June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; amended November 25, 2002, effective July 1, 2003, 32 Pa.B. 6080. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (288451).
Rule 513. Disputes Concerning Title.
A. If the defendant declares in writing, on oath or affirmation, that the title to the real property is disputed and claimed by some named person other than the plaintiff by virtue of a right or title accruing by descent from or deed or will of the landlord since the commencement of the lease, and if that person, whether or not appearing before the magisterial district judge, also declares in writing, on oath or affirmation, that he truly believes he is entitled to the real property, the magisterial district judge shall stay the proceedings, provided the person claiming title files in the court of common pleas of the county in which the real property is located a bond, satisfactory to that court, conditioned upon prosecuting his claim in the court of common pleas. If the claim is not prosecuted in accordance with the conditions of the bond, the bond shall be forfeited to the plaintiff and the magisterial district judge shall proceed to judgment.
B. If the defendant declares in writing, on oath or affirmation, that the real property is held and claimed by him as a joint tenant or tenant in common with the plaintiff and that he truly believes that the real property so held does not exceed in quantity or value the just proportion of his share as a joint tenant or tenant in common, the magisterial district judge shall stay the proceedings, provided the defendant files in the court of common pleas of the county in which the real property is located a bond, satisfactory to that court, conditioned upon prosecuting his claim in the court of common pleas. If the claim is not prosecuted in accordance with the conditions of the bond, the bond shall be forfeited to the plaintiff and the magisterial district judge shall proceed to judgment.
Official Note
This rule sets forth the procedures when there is a dispute concerning title.
Source The provisions of this Rule 514 amended April 25, 1979, effective in 30 days; June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; amended through December 16, 1983, effective December 1, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 3875; amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691; amended April 5, 2002, effective January 1, 2003, 32 Pa.B. 2199; amended November 25, 2002, effective July 1, 2003, 32 Pa.B. 6080; amended June 1, 2006, effective October 1, 2006, 36 Pa.B. 2955. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (309560) to (309561).
Rule 515. Request for Order for Possession.
A. If the magisterial district judge has rendered a judgment arising out of a non-residential lease that the real property be delivered up to the plaintiff, the plaintiff may, after the 15th day following the date of the entry of the judgment, file with the magisterial district judge a request for an order for possession. The request shall include a statement of the judgment amount, return, and all other matters required by these rules.
B. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (2), if the magisterial district judge has rendered a judgment arising out of a residential lease that the real property be delivered up to the plaintiff, the plaintiff may after the 10th day but within 120 days following the date of the entry of the judgment, file with the magisterial district judge a request for an order for possession The request shall include a statement of the judgment amount, return and all other matters required by these rules.
(2) In a case arising out of a residential lease, if before the plaintiff requests an order for possession,
(a) an appeal or writ of certiorari operates as a supersedeas; or
(b) proceedings in the matter are stayed pursuant to a bankruptcy proceeding; and
(c) the supersedeas or bankruptcy stay is subsequently stricken, dismissed, lifted, or otherwise terminated so as to allow the plaintiff to proceed to request an order for possession, the plaintiff may request an order for possession only within 120 days of the date the supersedeas or bankruptcy stay is stricken, dismissed, lifted, or otherwise terminated.
Official Note
The fifteen days in subdivision A of this rule, when added to the 16 day period provided for in Rule 519A, will give the defendant time to obtain a supersedeas within the appeal period. See Rules 1002, 1008, 1009 and 1013.
The 1995 amendment to section 513 of The Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951, 68 P. S. § 250.513, established a ten-day period from a judgment for possession of real estate arising out of a residential lease; therefore, the filing of the request for order for possession in subparagraph B(1) is not permitted until after the appeal period has expired. In cases arising out of a residential lease, the request for order for possession generally must be filed within 120 days of the date of the entry of the judgment.
Subparagraph B(2) provides that in a case arising out of a residential lease, if a supersedeas (resulting from an appeal or writ of certiorari) or bankruptcy stay is stricken, dismissed, lifted, or otherwise terminated, thus allowing the plaintiff to proceed with requesting an order for possession, the request may be filed only within 120 days of the date the supersedeas or bankruptcy stay is stricken, dismissed, lifted, or otherwise terminated.
The time limits in which the plaintiff must request an order for possession imposed in subdivision B apply only in cases arising out of residential leases and in no way affect the plaintiffs ability to execute on the money judgment. See Rule 516, Note, and Rule 521A.
At the time the plaintiff files the request for an order for possession, the magisterial district court should collect server fees for all actions through delivery of possession. Thereafter, if the order for possession is satisfied 48 hours or more prior to a scheduled delivery of possession, a portion of the server costs may be refundable. See Rules 516 through 520 and Section 2950(d) of the Judicial Code, 42 Pa.C.S. § 2950(d).
Source The provisions of this Rule 516 amended June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended July 16, 2001, effective August 1, 2001, 31 Pa.B. 4055; amended April 5, 2002, effective July 1, 2002, 32 Pa.B. 2207. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (264236) to (264237).
Rule 517. Notation of Time of Receipt; Service of Order for Possession.
The magisterial district judge shall mail a copy of the order for possession to the defendant by first class mail and shall deliver a copy of it for service to the sheriff of, or any certified constable in, the county in which the office of magisterial district judge is situated. If this service is not available to the magisterial district judge, service may be made by any certified constable of the Commonwealth. The officer receiving the order for possession shall note upon the form the time and date that it was received, and shall serve the order within forty-eight (48) hours by handing a copy of it to the defendant or to an adult person in charge for the time being of the premises possession of which is to be delivered or, if none of the above is found, by posting it conspicuously on those premises. The service copy of the order shall contain the following notice:
(1) For nonresidential leases:
If you, and all occupants of this property not authorized by the owner to be present thereon, do not vacate this property within fifteen (15) days after the date of this notice, the law authorizes me to use such force as may be necessary to enter upon the property, by the breaking in of any door or otherwise, and to eject you and all unauthorized occupants.
(2) For residential leases:
If you, and all occupants of this property not authorized by the owner to be present thereon, do not vacate this property within ten (10) days after the date of this notice, the law authorizes me to use such force as may be necessary to enter upon the property by the breaking in of any door or otherwise, and to eject you and all unauthorized occupants.
The date of the notice shall be the same as the date of the service.
Official Note
Under this rule, service must be made both by first class mail and delivery for service in the manner prescribed. The differing lengths of notices set forth for nonresidential leases and residential leases are made necessary by reason of the 1995 amendment to Section 513 of the Landlord/Tenant Act. See Note following Pa. R.C.P.D.J. No. 515.
Amended October 17, 1975, effective in 90 days; April 25, 1979, effective in 30 days; June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; March 27, 1992, effective June 25, 1992; March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996; amended December 15, 2000, effective January 1, 2001.
Source The provisions of this Rule 517 amended through June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691; amended December 15, 2000, effective January 1, 2001, 30 Pa.B. 6882. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (212915) to (212916).
Rule 518. Satisfaction of Order by Payment of Rent and Costs.
At any time before actual delivery of the real property is made in execution of the order for possession, the defendant may, in a case for the recovery of possession solely because of failure to pay rent, satisfy the order for possession by paying to the executing officer the rent actually in arrears and the costs of the proceedings. The executing officer shall give the defendant a signed receipt for any such payment.
Official Note
Rent actually in arrears means the sum set forth on the order for possession.
For procedure for entry of satisfaction of money judgments, see Rule 341.
Source The provisions of this Rule 518 amended June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900; amended April 5, 2002, effective January 1, 2003, 32 Pa.B. 2199. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (281664) and (212917).
Rule 519. Forcible Entry and Delivery of Possession.
A. If, on or after the sixteenth (16th) day following the service of the order for possession arising out of a nonresidential lease, the defendant or any unauthorized occupant remains on the real property, the officer executing the order for possession shall use such force as may be necessary to enter upon property, by the breaking in of any door or otherwise, and to eject the defendant and any unauthorized occupant and shall deliver possession of the real property to the plaintiff or the plaintiffs agent.
B. If, on or after the eleventh (11th) day following the service of the order for possession in cases arising out of a residential lease, the defendant or any unauthorized occupant remains on the real property, the officer executing the order for possession shall use such force as may be necessary to enter upon the property, by the breaking in of any door or otherwise, and to eject the defendant and any unauthorized occupant and shall deliver possession of the real property to the plaintiff or the plaintiffs agent.
C. No order for possession may be executed after 60 days following its issuance or reissuance.
Official Note
The differing lengths of notices set for nonresidential leases and residential leases are made necessary by reason of the 1995 amendment to section 513 of the Landlord and Tenant Act of 1951, 68 P. S. § 250.513. See Rule 515, Note.
Source The provisions of this Rule 519 amended through June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 27, 1992, effective 90 days from the date on which the Order is signed, 22 Pa.B. 1893 and 1900; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691; amended April 5, 2002, effective July 1, 2002, 32 Pa.B. 2207. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (212917) to (212918).
Rule 520. Officers Return.
Within five (5) business days following delivery of possession to the plaintiff or satisfaction by payment of rent in arrears and costs, the officer executing the order for possession shall make a return on the order for possession form. The return shall show:
(1) The date, time, place and manner of service of the order.
(2) If the order was satisfied by the payment of rent in arrears and costs by or on behalf of the defendant, the amount of that payment and its distribution.
(3) The time and date of any forcible entry and ejectment, or that no entry for the purpose of ejectment had to be made.
(4) The officers expenses and fees.
Amended July 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996.
Source The provisions of this Rule 520 amended June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (168548).
Rule 521. Execution by Levy.
A. If the plaintiff in an action for recovery of possession of real property obtains a judgment for damages for injury to or unjust detention of the premises, for rent remaining due and for the costs of the proceeding, or for any of these, he may obtain execution of that judgment by levy upon personal property of the defendant in accordance with the rules for the Execution of Judgments for the Payment of Money Rendered by Magisterial District Judges, and the form for a request for an order of execution there prescribed shall be used for this purpose.
B. If the defendant in an action for recovery of possession of real property obtains a money judgment on a cross-complaint against the plaintiff, he may obtain execution of the judgment by levy upon personal property of the plaintiff in accordance with the rules for the Execution of Judgments for the Payment of Money Rendered by Magisterial District Judges.
Official Note
See the note to Rule 516.
Source The provisions of this Rule 521 amended April 25, 1979, effective May 25, 1979, 9 Pa.B. 1499. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (21197).
Rule 581. Acts of Assembly Suspended.
All Acts of Assembly or parts thereof inconsistent with the rules governing practice and procedure in actions before magisterial district judges for the recovery of possession of real property are suspended to the extent of such inconsistency.
The following Acts of Assembly are suspended insofar as they are inconsistent with the foregoing rules:
(1) Act of July 6, 1995, amending the Act of April 6, 1951, (P. L. 69, No. 20), known as Act 33 of 1995;
(2) Act of July 6, 1995, amending the Act of April 6, 1951, (P. L. 69, No. 20), known as Act 36 of 1995.
Amended June 30, 1982, effective 30 days after July 17, 1982; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996.
Source The provisions of this Rule 581 amended June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266; amended March 28, 1996, effective March 29, 1996, 26 Pa.B. 1691. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (168548) to (168549).
Rule 582. Acts of Assembly Not Suspended.
The following Acts of Assembly shall not be deemed suspended or affected:
Section 1 of the Act of January 24, 1966, P. L. (1965) 1534, as last amended by § 2, Act of June 11, 1968, P. L. 159, No. 89, 35 P. S. § 17001.
Official Note
This Section provides, inter alia, that no tenant shall be evicted for any reason while rent is deposited in escrow because the dwelling in question has been certified as unfit for human habitation. See the note to Rule 503.
Source The provisions of this Rule 582 amended through June 30, 1982, effective August 16, 1982, 12 Pa.B. 2266. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (43181).
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